The AAFCO sets the standards for pet food safety and nutrition, and
the testing done by the AAFCO is used to determine whether or not
specific ingredients are acceptable as pet foods. But the AAFCO will
rate both low and high quality ingredients as being nutritionally
adequate, because there is a demand for pet food in all price ranges.
So you need to learn how to read past the AAFCO approval statement on
your dog food labels if you want to know what Buster is really
consuming.
Reading a Dog Food Label
The
label tells us many important facts and figures that may otherwise
dissuade or persuade us from purchasing the food. In short, it is
important to read the labels. To actually read that label, and not to
just give it a cursory glance, we will have to first know a little
something about what can be found there and what it means.
The
first thing most of us notice on any label is the product name. The
product name may also contain primary ingredient names such as “Beef
Dog Chow”, or what kind of dog the food is intended for, such as
“Puppies, Adult, Lactating”, etc.
If,
in the product name, an ingredient is listed, say for example that
“Beef Dog Chow”, that beef must be at least 95% of the total weight if
there is no water required for processing, and at least 70% when water
is included. So, for dry kibble, 95% of that weight needs to contain
beef.
When the
title contains “dinner, formula, nuggets,” and other similar words, the
ingredient named must be at least 25% of the weight. So in a product
named Lamb Dinner, 25% of the total weight for the product must be lamb.
But,
if only ¼ of that entire product needs to consist of lamb, the lamb may
not (and probably is not!) the main ingredient. Ingredients must be
listed in a descending order of weight. So, even though the bag says
Lamb Dinner, the lamb may be fourth in order.
Example:
- Lamb Dinner Ingredients: Corn, meat and bone meal, wheat, lamb.
In that Lamb Dinner, the main ingredients are really the corn and meat and bone meal. Not desirable for a healthy meal.
On the other hand if the ingredients listed were
- Premium Lamb Dinner Ingredients: Lamb, ground rice, ground yellow corn…
This presents a more desirable meal and one that your dog can actually consume and digest properly.
When
it comes to the words “flavored” or “flavor” such as Lamb Flavored
Nuggets, no exact percentage of the named ingredient, the lamb, needs
to be present, but enough of that ingredient needs to present as to be
detectable
Often
times, the main ingredients will not be present in the title. In such a
case, these foods often include items such as: ground yellow corn, meat
byproducts, tallow, and other items that are not particularly
digestible for your pet. The actual named ingredient will probably be
down the list and make up only a very small part of the product.
Besides naming an ingredient with the product name, other phrases and adjectives are used.
Premium Dog Food, or X Premium
and other like titles are making a justified boast, as these products
complied with the nutritional standards for a complete and balanced dog
food. This is definitely something to take into consideration when
shopping.
Natural Dog Food means that there are no artificial colors, preservatives or flavors.
If
a product has given the calorie content on the bag, “Premium Beef
Dinner: now with lower calorie content,” this is done so voluntarily as
a service to the consumer. Because the calorie content of pet foods
does not have to be displayed in their labels, however, here's a
formula to help you make sure Buster is not eating too much:
Multiply
the carbohydrate by 4.2kcal (kilocalories) per gram, the protein by
5.65, and then the fat by 9.4 kcal per gram. If you need to convert the
kilocalories to kilojoules (another unit of measurement for energy)
simply multiply the total by 4.184. Of course, rounding to the nearest
ten might be helpful, as long as you keep in mind that it’s an
approximation erring on the low side.
Where's the Fat?
A
good way to find the higher quality dog foods by reading the ingredient
list is to search for that first source of fat. Everything that is
listed before that fat source, and including it, is the main part of
the food. Everything else is generally used for flavor, preservatives,
vitamins, and minerals.
For example:
- Food A:Ground yellow corn, meat meal, chicken fat, ground wheat, chicken byproduct meal, dried beet pulp …
- Food B:
Turkey, chicken, chicken meal, ground brown rice, ground white rice, chicken fat, apples, carrots, sunflower oil…
The importance
of finding the source of fat and where it is listed is so you can find
ingredients that may or may not be harmful to your pet, such as beet
pulp or corn gluten meal.
Learning
to read the labels on dog food is the single most important thing you
can do if you intend to feed your pet a commercial diet. Buster may be
the smartest dog who ever wore a collar, but he can’t read, and he
needs to rely on you to keep him healthy.
If what's in that can or bag doesn't sound like something you'd want to
eat, it's probably not something your dog would eat if there were an
alternative. So take the time to learn the language of labels!
Sharda Baker has published several dog ebook and audios, including the internet best selling "Complete Guide to Your Dog's Nutrition"
Visit the link below now for Sharda's Special Free Dog Food Report.
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